A First Ptolemaic Map of India by Mercator, 1584

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This remarkable map, titled "Asiae X Tab:", is a significant historical artifact that represents the convergence of knowledge and craftsmanship … Read more This remarkable map, titled "Asiae X Tab:", is a significant historical artifact that represents the convergence of knowledge and craftsmanship from two of the most esteemed figures in the history of geography and cartography. Created by Gerard Mercator and based on the geographical insights of Claudius Ptolemy, this map is part of the rare first issue published in Brussels in 1578. The map itself meticulously delineates the region between the Indus and Ganges rivers, an area of immense historical and geographical importance. It is an excellent representation of Ptolemy's second-century geographical data, which was fundamental in shaping the modern principles of mapmaking. Mercator, renowned for his precision and dedication to adhering closely to Ptolemy's original intentions, showcases this commitment through the detailed depiction of this significant Asian landscape. This edition stands out not only for its historical accuracy but also for its artistic execution. Gerard Mercator, who was also an innovator in the use of the italic hand for map lettering, first introduced this style in his "Literarum latinarum" in 1540. The use of italics in this map enhances its legibility and aesthetic appeal, which became a hallmark of the finest sixteenth and seventeenth-century Dutch maps, largely attributed to Mercator’s influence. The map measures 13 ½ x 18 inches and features fine hand coloring, which has been preserved in almost excellent condition alttough there some browning due to age. As a splendid example of the first issue from Mercator’s definitive edition of Ptolemy’s "Geographia", it not only serves as a testament to the rich history of geographical exploration but also stands as a beacon of the enduring legacy of its makers, shaping the future of cartographic design and precision. The map "Asiae X Tab:", focusing on the region between the Indus and Ganges rivers, highlights several areas and cities of historical and geographical importance that are likely of interest to scholars, historians, and collectors. Here are key locations depicted on the map: 1. **Indus River**: As one of the major rivers of Asia and a cradle of ancient civilizations like the Indus Valley Civilization, the Indus River holds significant historical importance. 2. **Ganges River**: Another crucial river not just for its cultural and religious significance in India, but also as a vital geographic feature in ancient and medieval maps. 3. **Delhi**: Although the specific medieval or ancient names might differ or its depiction may vary depending on the historical period of the map, Delhi has always been a significant urban center in northern India. 4. **Lahore**: Known historically for its wealth and strategic location, Lahore is another city likely to be depicted as a key site on this map. 5. **Multan**: As a major commercial center and a node in various trade routes, Multan holds historical significance that would likely be highlighted in a map of this era. 6. **Ujjain**: Historically significant for its role as a political and cultural hub in central India and as a location along ancient trade routes. 7. **Varanasi (Benares)**: One of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities and a major cultural and religious center in India, likely featured prominently on the map. 8. **Agra**: Known for its architectural marvels, even pre-dating the Mughal era, Agra would be a notable location on historical maps of this region. Each of these locations has a rich historical narrative that might be reflected in their depiction on the map, making them of particular interest to those studying the geographical and cultural history of South Asia. See less