Map of Mediterranean Powers, 1880

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This is a historical map that depicts the mediterranean region during a specific timeframe in roman history, from the return … Read more This is a historical map that depicts the mediterranean region during a specific timeframe in roman history, from the return of pompey the great after his campaign in asia minor to the battle of actium, which was a decisive confrontation that led to the rise of augustus and the establishment of the roman empire. The phrase "mare internum cum populis adiacentibus a pompeii ex asia reditu usque ad bellum actiacum" can be translated from latin to english as "the mediterranean sea with the adjacent peoples from pompey's return from asia to the actium war." this title indicates a map filled with rich historical context, detailing not only the geographical aspects of the mediterranean basin but also the various peoples and political entities that interacted in this area during a very dynamic period of roman history. The map shows the extent of roman influence and its interactions with other cultures and states of the period, potentially including the territories of client kings, roman provinces, and the lands of the roman republic's adversaries. This would be an important educational tool for understanding the late republican period of rome, illustrating the complex relationships and events leading up to the imperial era. More details about the actium war: the war of actium, from 32 to 30 bc, marked the end of the roman republic and was the culmination of the power struggle between mark antony, allied with cleopatra of egypt, and octavian. When octavian swayed the roman senate to declare war on cleopatra, antony sided with her, prompting a sizeable portion of the senate to defect to his cause. The conflict peaked at the battle of actium, where octavian's forces achieved a decisive victory, leading to antony and cleopatra's retreat and subsequent suicides in alexandria. This conflict showcased vast armies comprising battle-hardened veterans, many of whom had served under julius caesar. The aftermath saw octavian establish peace after a century of civil wars, ushering in the pax romana. In 27 bc, octavian was named augustus by the senate and became the first emperor, transitioning rome from a republic to an empire. See less